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Identification and selection of resistance to

Lizhen ZHU, Jianying LI, Zhongping XU, Hakim MANGHWAR, Sijia LIANG, Suli LI, Muna ALARIQI, Shuangxia JIN, Xianlong ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 236-252 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018223

摘要： Plants have developed sophisticated systems to cope with herbivore challenge, including morphological barriers and secondary metabolites to reduce damage. In this study, 550 genotypes were evaluated for whitefly ( ) resistance in five experiments including two in the field and three in the greenhouse, with 23 resistant and 19 susceptible genotypes selected. Whitefly-resistance index determination showed that a leaf having a high density of hairs had resistance to whitfly egg/nymph production. Longer leaf hairs were also important for resistance. This study revealed that okra shaped leaves reduced adult whitefly oviposition preference, while glabrous leaves and high hair density helped not only in the reduction of the adults but also decreased oviposition preference. Gossypol was also observed to be involved in the reduction of adult whitefly development and/or survival.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci     Gossypium genotypes     gossypol     leaf hair density     leaf hair length    

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Lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat: effect of planting density and genotype

Yonggui XIAO,Jianjun LIU,Haosheng LI,Xinyou CAO,Xianchun XIA,Zhonghu HE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 168-178 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015061

摘要： Improved lodging resistance is important for achieving high yield in irrigated environments. This study was conducted to determine genotypic variation in lodging resistance and related morphological traits among winter wheat cultivars planted at two densities, and to identify key traits associated with lodging resistance. Lodging performance of 28 genotypes, including 24 released cultivars and four advanced lines, was evaluated at 250 plants per square meter and 500 plants per square meter in Shandong province during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 crop seasons. At the higher density, the average grain yield was 2.6% higher, even though lodging score rose by as much as 136%. The higher planting density increased lodging through increased leaf area index (LAI), plant height, center of gravity and length of basal internodes, and reduced grain weight per spike and diameter of the lower two stem internodes. LAI, center of gravity and diameter of first internodes, as the important indicators for lodging resistance, were significantly correlated with lodging score, with = 0.62, 0.59 and −0.52 ( <0.01), respectively. Plant pushing resistance was significantly associated with diameter and length of the first internodes ( = 0.71–0.77, <0.01), indicating it could be used to assess the strength of the lower stem. Higher planting density could be used to select genotypes with lodging resistance in irrigated environments. Cultivars carrying high plant density tolerance and high yield potential, such as Jimai 22 and Liangxing 66, were recommended as leading cultivars for production as well as elite crossing parents for further increasing yield potential in the Yellow and Huai Valleys Winter Wheat Zone in China.

关键词： common wheat     yield potential     lodging performance     pushing resistance     leaf area index    

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Role of Wnt and Notch signaling in regulating hair cell regeneration in the cochlea

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 237-249 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0464-9

摘要：

Sensory hair cells in the inner ear are responsible for sound recognition. Damage to hair cells in adult mammals causes permanent hearing impairment because these cells cannot regenerate. By contrast, newborn mammals possess limited regenerative capacity because of the active participation of various signaling pathways, including Wnt and Notch signaling. The Wnt and Notch pathways are highly sophisticated and conserved signaling pathways that control multiple cellular events necessary for the formation of sensory hair cells. Both signaling pathways allow resident supporting cells to regenerate hair cells in the neonatal cochlea. In this regard, Wnt and Notch signaling has gained increased research attention in hair cell regeneration. This review presents the current understanding of the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways in the auditory portion of the inner ear and discusses the possibilities of controlling these pathways with the hair cell fate determiner Atoh1 to regulate hair cell regeneration in the mammalian cochlea.

关键词： inner ear     cochlea     hair cell     regeneration     Wnt     Notch     signaling pathways    

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Regeneration of hair cells in the mammalian vestibular system

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 143-151 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0451-1

摘要：

Hair cells regenerate throughout the lifetime of non-mammalian vertebrates, allowing these animals to recover from hearing and balance deficits. Such regeneration does not occur efficiently in humans and other mammals. Thus, balance deficits become permanent and is a common sensory disorder all over the world. Since Forge and Warchol discovered the limited spontaneous regeneration of vestibular hair cells after gentamicin-induced damage in mature mammals, significant efforts have been exerted to trace the origin of the limited vestibular regeneration in mammals after hair cell loss. Moreover, recently many strategies have been developed to promote the hair cell regeneration and subsequent functional recovery of the vestibular system, including manipulating the Wnt, Notch and Atoh1. This article provides an overview of the recent advances in hair cell regeneration in mammalian vestibular epithelia. Furthermore, this review highlights the current limitations of hair cell regeneration and provides the possible solutions to regenerate functional hair cells and to partially restore vestibular function.

关键词： utricle     hair cell     regeneration     Atoh1     Notch     Wnt    

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MicroRNA-148b promotes proliferation of hair follicle cells by targeting

Wanbao YANG,Qinqun LI,Bo SU,Mei YU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 72-80 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016089

摘要： MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are involved in many aspects of biological processes. Previous studies have indicated that miRNAs are important for hair follicle development and growth. In our study, we found by qRT-PCR that miR-148b was significantly upregulated in sheep wool follicle bulbs in anagen phase compared with the telogen phase of the hair follicle cycle. Overexpression of miR-148b promoted proliferation of both HHDPC and HHGMC. By using the TOPFlash system we demonstrated that miR-148b could activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway and , , and were consistently upregulated accordingly. Furthermore, transcript factor nuclear factor of activated T cells type 5 ( ) and were predicted to be the target of miR-148b and this was substantiated using a Dual-Luciferase reporter system. Subsequently was further identified as the target of miR-148b using western blotting. These results were considered to indicate that miR-148b could activate the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway by targeting to promote the proliferation of human hair follicle cells.

关键词： miR-148b     hair follicle     proliferation     NFAT5     Wnt10b    

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Characteristics of night soil and leaf co-composting using aerobic static method

Xiaojie SUN, Dunqiu WANG, Wenjing LU, Hongtao WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 421-427 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0380-9

摘要： The main purpose of this work is to investigate the characteristics of night soil and leaf co-composting using aerobic static composting method. Three influencing factors, including proportion of night soil and leaf, aeration rate and aeration pattern, were investigated through the evolution of the principal physicochemical properties, i.e., temperature, oxygen consumption rate, organic matters, moisture content, carbon, nitrogen, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and Germination index (GI). It was found that the 3∶1 (w∶w) mixture of night soil and leaf was capable of achieving the highest composting temperature, longest retention time of high temperature (55°C), and fastest organic matter degradation. The 0.14 m ·min ·m aeration rate was most beneficial to composting, and the mixture of night soil and leaf maintained the highest temperature for the longest duration and achieved the highest CO content and GI. The continuous aeration pattern during composting was superior to an intermittent aeration pattern, since the latter delayed the composting process.

关键词： night soil     leaf     aerobic compost     aeration rate     aeration pattern    

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Nanovaccines for remodeling the suppressive tumor microenvironment: New horizons in cancer immunotherapy

Kai Shi, Matthew Haynes, Leaf Huang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 676-684 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1640-4

摘要： Despite limited successes in clinical development, therapeutic cancer vaccines have experienced resurgence in recent years due to an enhanced emphasis upon co-mitigating factors underlying immune response. Specifically, reversing the immune-suppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment, mediated by a variety of cellular and molecular signaling mechanisms, has become fundamental toward enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Therein, our lab has implemented various nano-vaccines based on the lipid-coated calcium phosphate platform for combined immunotherapy, in which antigenic, epitope-associated peptides as well as immune-suppression inhibitors can be co-delivered, often functioning through the same formulation. In probing the mechanism of action of such systems and , an improved effect synergy can be elucidated, inspiring future preclinical efforts and hope for clinical success.

关键词： vaccine     nanoparticle     tumor     immunotherapy     microenvironment    

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Behavioral methods for the functional assessment of hair cells in zebrafish

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 178-190 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0507-x

摘要：

Zebrafish is an emerging animal model for studies on auditory system. This model presents high comparability with humans, good accessibility to the hearing organ, and high throughput capacity. To better utilize this animal model, methodologies need to be used to quantify the hearing function of the zebrafish. Zebrafish displays a series of innate and robust behavior related to its auditory function. Here, we reviewed the advantage of using zebrafish in auditory research and then introduced three behavioral tests, as follows: the startle response, the vestibular-ocular reflex, and rheotaxis. These tests are discussed in terms of their physiological characteristics, up-to-date technical development, and apparatus description. Test limitation and areas to improve are also introduced. Finally, we revealed the feasibility of these applications in zebrafish behavioral assessment and their potential in the high-throughput screening on hearing-related genes and drugs.

关键词： zebrafish (Danio rerio)     behavior     auditory     startle response     vestibular-ocular reflex     rheotaxis    

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Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 223-225 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0043-1

摘要： The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium (Se) concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Tibet. The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and non-disease areas was collected, and its Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrometry. The Se concentrations in child hair were (0.13±0.04) and (0.18±0.07) µg/g respectively in KBD areas and non-disease areas respectively, which are significantly different. In areas supplemented with Se in Tibet, the Se concentration of hair in KBD- affected areas was higher than that in non-diseased areas, being (0.28±0.03) and (0.18±0.04) µg/g respectively. There is a close relationship between the Se concentrations in hair and KBD distribution. Se supplement increase the Se concentrations in the human body. Appropriate Se supplementation is important to prevent KBD in Tibet.

关键词： different     relationship     non-disease     selenium     KBD distribution    

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Apigenin alleviates neomycin-induced oxidative damage via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in cochlear hair

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 637-650 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0864-3

摘要： Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss and represents a promising target for treatment. We tested the potential effect of apigenin, a natural flavonoid with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, on neomycin-induced ototoxicity in cochlear hair cells in vitro. Results showed that apigenin significantly ameliorated the loss of hair cells and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species upon neomycin injury. Further evidence suggested that the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway was activated by apigenin treatment. Disruption of the Nrf2 axis abolished the effects of apigenin on the alleviation of oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis of hair cells. This study provided evidence of the protective effect of apigenin on cochlear hair cells and its underlying mechanism.

关键词： apigenin     aminoglycosides     ototoxicity     oxidative stress     Nrf2 signaling pathway    

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Seasonal variations in leaf capturing of particulate matter, surface wettability and micromorphology

Huixia WANG, Hui SHI, Yangyang LI, Ya YU, Jun ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 579-588 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0524-1

摘要： The seasonal changes in leaf particulate matter (PM) accumulation, surface wettability and micromorphology in urban tree species, including ( . ), ( . ) and ( . ), were studied during a single growing season. The three species showed distinct seasonal trends in PM accumulation, increasing from spring to autumn (or winter) even during the rainy season, but at different rates. During the study, the leaf PM retention amount of , a species with ridged leaf surfaces, was significantly higher than that of and , species with waxy leaf surfaces. The contact angles of water droplets on leaves decreased with leaf age except on the abaxial surface of , which remained non-wettable or highly non-wettable throughout the growing season; the decrease in the contact angle on adaxial surface of was greater when compared with and . A significant and negative relationship existed between leaf PM retention amounts and contact angles on adaxial surface of leaves of all three species. The increase in wettability, probably caused when epicuticular wax was destroyed by mechanical and chemical abrasion, seemed to be the main factor leading to seasonal variations in leaf PM accumulation.

关键词： contact angle     particulate matter     retention amount    

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Loss of liver kinase B1 causes planar polarity defects in cochlear hair cells in mice

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 481-489 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0494-3

摘要：

The tumor suppressor gene liver kinase B1 (LKB1), also called STK11, encodes a serine/threonine kinase. LKB1 plays crucial roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and polarity. In this study, LKB1 conditional knockout mice (LKB1Pax2 CKO mice) were generated using Pax2-Cre mice to investigate the function of LKB1 in inner ear hair cells during early embryonic period. LKB1Pax2 CKO mice died perinatally. Immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy revealed that stereociliary bundles in LKB1Pax2 CKO mice were clustered and misoriented, respectively. Moreover, ectopic distribution of kinocilium bundles resulting from abnormal migration of kinocilium was observed in the mutant mice. The orientation of stereociliary bundles and the migration of kinocilia are critical indicators of planar cell polarity (PCP) of hair cells. LKB1 deficiency in LKB1Pax2 CKO mice thus disrupted hair cell planar polarity during embryonic development. Our results suggest that LKB1 is required in PCP formation in cochlear hair cells in mice.

关键词： LKB1     stereociliary bundles     kinocilium     planar cell polarity     hearing     mice    

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Alternate partial root-zone irrigation with high irrigation frequency improves root growth and reduces unproductive water loss by apple trees in arid north-west China

Shaoqing DU, Ling TONG, Shaozhong KANG, Fusheng LI, Taisheng DU, Sien LI, Risheng DING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 188-196 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017176

摘要： Alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) can improve water use efficiency in arid areas. However, the effectiveness and outcomes of different frequencies of APRI on water uptake capacity and physiological water use have not been reported. A two-year field experiment was conducted with two irrigation amounts (400 and 500 mm) and three irrigation methods (conventional irrigation, APRI with high and low frequencies). Root length density, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf water use efficiency, midday stem and leaf water potentials were measured. The results show that in comparison with conventional irrigation, APRI with high frequency significantly increased root length density and decreased water potentials and stomatal conductance. No differences in the above indicators between the two APRI frequencies were detected. A significantly positive relationship between stomatal conductance and root length density was found under APRI. Overall, alternate partial root-zone irrigation with high frequency has a great potential to promote root growth, expand water uptake capacity and reduce unproductive water loss in the arid apple production area.

关键词： alternate partial root-zone irrigation     apple tree     leaf water use efficiency     root length density     stomatal conductance     water potential    

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Effect of current density on groundwater arsenite removal performance using air cathode electrocoagulation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1399-1

摘要：

• With the same charge, current density had little effect on As(III) removal in ACEC.

关键词： Electrocoagulation     Air cathode     Arsenic     Current density     Energy consumption    

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Effects of exercise therapy on bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women: a controlled trial

Shilin DENG MD ,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 323-329 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0061-2

摘要： The purpose of this article is to determine the effect of a well-designed combined aerobic, resistance, and extension exercise program on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. The population comprised 45 postmenopausal women, who exercised over 12months (exercise group), and 36 women who served as a non-training control group. BMD of the hip, and lumbar spine was measured at the baseline and 12th month. Repeated measurement analysis of variance and nonparametric test were utilized to compare differences between the exercise group and controls. Thirty-six out of 45 persons in the exercise group and 36 controls completed the study. Average compliance was 82.2% for the whole exercise group at the 12th month. All the subjects had decreased BMD, but the rate of bone loss was lower in the exercise group than in the control group at the L4 and hip. Although the exercise program in this study may probably reduce the rate of bone loss in weight-bearing skeletal sites, we do not suggest the exercise by itself be viewed as prevention or treatment for osteoporosis. Further, the exact dose-response relationship of exercise and bone mass in early postmenopause is not clear.

关键词： early postmenopausal women     bone mineral density     exercise     effects    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Identification and selection of resistance to

Lizhen ZHU, Jianying LI, Zhongping XU, Hakim MANGHWAR, Sijia LIANG, Suli LI, Muna ALARIQI, Shuangxia JIN, Xianlong ZHANG

期刊论文

Lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat: effect of planting density and genotype

Yonggui XIAO,Jianjun LIU,Haosheng LI,Xinyou CAO,Xianchun XIA,Zhonghu HE

期刊论文

Role of Wnt and Notch signaling in regulating hair cell regeneration in the cochlea

null

期刊论文

Regeneration of hair cells in the mammalian vestibular system

null

期刊论文

MicroRNA-148b promotes proliferation of hair follicle cells by targeting

Wanbao YANG,Qinqun LI,Bo SU,Mei YU

期刊论文

Characteristics of night soil and leaf co-composting using aerobic static method

Xiaojie SUN, Dunqiu WANG, Wenjing LU, Hongtao WANG

期刊论文

Nanovaccines for remodeling the suppressive tumor microenvironment: New horizons in cancer immunotherapy

Kai Shi, Matthew Haynes, Leaf Huang

期刊论文

Behavioral methods for the functional assessment of hair cells in zebrafish

null

期刊论文

Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

期刊论文

Apigenin alleviates neomycin-induced oxidative damage via the Nrf2 signaling pathway in cochlear hair

期刊论文

Seasonal variations in leaf capturing of particulate matter, surface wettability and micromorphology

Huixia WANG, Hui SHI, Yangyang LI, Ya YU, Jun ZHANG

期刊论文

Loss of liver kinase B1 causes planar polarity defects in cochlear hair cells in mice

null

期刊论文

Alternate partial root-zone irrigation with high irrigation frequency improves root growth and reduces unproductive water loss by apple trees in arid north-west China

Shaoqing DU, Ling TONG, Shaozhong KANG, Fusheng LI, Taisheng DU, Sien LI, Risheng DING

期刊论文

Effect of current density on groundwater arsenite removal performance using air cathode electrocoagulation

期刊论文

Effects of exercise therapy on bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women: a controlled trial

Shilin DENG MD ,

期刊论文